访问学者博士后国际机场出入境流程-NAVIGATING YOUR WAY THROUGH THE AIRPORT
如果您要去国外做访问学者或者博士后，您在获准出境和入境之前都需要通过海关手续。今天知识人网为大家介绍国际机场出入境流程，并提供一段海关检查对话供大家参考。
NAVIGATING YOUR WAY THROUGH THE AIRPORT
国际机场如何顺利通行？
If you are traveling abroad to work as a Visiting Scholar or Post-Doc, you will have to go through Customs & Immigration before you are granted entry or exit. The process is very similar at any international airport, but of course certain airports are busier than others, which influences how tightly things are controlled.
如果您要去国外做访问学者或者博士后，您在获准出境和入境之前都需要通过海关手续。整个过程在所有的国际机场都是非常相似的，只是有些机场会比较繁忙，因此不同机场的过关手续严格的程度也会有所不同。
è As a bonus, there is an example of a conversation between a Customs & Immigration Officer and a Traveler included on point number 5!
è 我们将会在海关准入部分（第五部分）提供一段入境时海关检查对话实录！
The process should be something similar to what is explained in the following 7 steps:
整个流程将分为七部分进行说明：
1.- Self-Check in 自助办理登机手续
Most international airports, and especially American airports, now have self-check in machines for travelers to print their corresponding Boarding Pass, and they will not let you check your luggage unless you have already printed your Boarding Pass in one of these machines.
大部分的国际机场，特别是美国机场，都配自助值机以方便游客打印他们的登机牌。只有打印好登机牌后，您才能确认是否需要办理行李托运。
注：自助值机是区别于传统机场柜台值机的一种办理乘机手续的方式，如上图。
The process is simple and fast, just verify your personal information, scan your passport and select the number of suitcases you will like to check in.
整个过程简单便捷，只需要确认好您的个人信息、扫描好护照、并选择您需要托运行李箱的数量即可。
2.- Check-in your luggage 行李托运
After printing your boarding pass, go to your designated airline area to check-in your luggage. They will need your Boarding Pass and your Passport in order to do so. They will weigh your suitcases and send them away so that they be put inside the plane.
打印好登机牌后，去对应的航空公司柜台办理行李托运手续。您需要准备好自己的登机牌和护照，工作人员将行李称重后，您的行李会被传送到您所乘坐的飞机上。
3.- Local Passport Check 过中国海关
The local Chinese Authorities will check your passport and your boarding pass. After putting a stamp on your passport with the date you are leaving China, you can go to your boarding gate and wait until you can enter the airplane.
中国海关会检查您的护照和登机牌。在您护照盖上出境日期后，就可以去往登机口候机，直到顺利登机。
4.- Scanner (At the American Airport) 安全检查扫描
If you are at an American airport, you will have to remove your shoes, coat, belt, and any metal or electronic items (other airports may not need you to remove your shoes). You will also need to put your carry-on baggage on the luggage scanner band. Wait before the yellow line until the officer ask you to get inside the scanner and lift your arms.
如果您在美国机场，您将需要脱掉鞋子、外套、腰带、和其他金属性质或者电子类物品
（其他机场可能不需要您脱掉鞋子）。您也需要将自己随身携带的行李放进行李传送带上
扫描检查。在等待安全检查时，一定要在黄线内等候，直到工作人员示意您进入扫描区并
要求你高举双臂。
5.- Customs & Immigration 入境
A Customs & Immigration Officer will do Passport Control. You will need to give the officer your passport, boarding pass and arrival/exit form (which will be available in small tables close to the passport control desks or given to you inside the plane). The officer may also require to scan your fingerprints and take a picture of you. Every traveler must do this, including small children.
海关工作人员将会进行入境检验。您需要提供您的护照、登机牌和出入境登记表（这张表一般在护照检查区旁边的桌子上，或者在飞行期间就会有人给您）。工作人员也可能需要采集您的指纹和拍照。所有入境人员都要通过入境检验，包括小孩子在内。
If you are traveling as a family unit, you can do this together. You will also need to answer to every single question the officer may ask you regarding your trip.
如果您和家人一起出境的话，可以一起进行检验。您也需要回答工作人员可能问到的关于您此次行程的每个问题。
Here is an example of a conversation between a Customs & Immigration Officer and a traveler （Visiting Scholar）seeking to entry the U.S.:
下面是美国海关出入境工作人员和一位访问学者入境人员的对话实录：
A: What’s the purpose of your visit?
A：您此次来访的原因是什么？
B: I was invited to the University of California–Berkeley, as a Visiting Scholar to do research.
B：我受加州大学伯克利分校的邀请，以访问学者的身份进行科学研究。
A: How long and where will you be staying?
A：您此次停留的时间是多久，住在哪里？
B: I’ll be staying in the U.S. for 6 months. For the moment I’ll stay at the Plaza Hotel, until I find an apartment to rent.
B：我将在美国停留6个月的时间。目前我会在广场酒店入住，之后我会租一间公寓。
A: Will you be staying alone in the US during this whole period?
A：这个访问期间是一个人在美国吗？
B: No, my husband will also be staying with me. He will come and join me next month.
B：不，我的丈夫将会过来陪伴我。下个月他就过来陪我。
A: Why didn’t he come with you this time? Why wait one month?
A：那他这次怎么不直接和您一起过来？为什么要等一个月后才过来？
B: He is busy with work. He will take a leave next month.
B：他在忙他的工作，下个月他请假过来。
A: What is your husband’s nationality?
A：您丈夫来自哪里？
B: He is also Chinese.
B：他也是中国人。
A: Will he also be doing research at UC Berkley?
A：他也会在加州大学伯克利分校做科学研究吗？
B: Yes, he is also a Visiting Scholar.
B：对的，他也是访问学者。
A: How long will he be staying?
A：他会在这里停留多长时间？
B: 5 months. We will be leaving together.
B：5个月，我们到时候会一起离开。
A: Have you purchased your returning tickets yet?
A：您们定好回国的机票了吗?
B: No, not yet.
B: 还没有。
A: Do you have any family in the US?
A：有家人在美国吗？
B: No, I don’t.
B：没有。
A: Ok Ma’am. Welcome to the United States of America.
A：好的，女士，欢迎您来到美国。
B: Thank You.
B：谢谢。
6.- Baggage Claim 行李领取
Find your flight number on your boarding pass and check the screens to locate the band in which your suitcases will be put. Then go and pick them up.
查看登机牌确认您的航班号，然后在大屏幕上找到您行李所在的转盘，去所在转盘提取自己的行李。
7.- Baggage Inspection ( it depends) 行李检查（视情况而定）
After picking up your baggage, you will pass through a door with scanners, there may also be police dogs smelling the bags (…they are super cute but do not pet them). Some people can leave the airport after passing through this channel, but other people will be selected by officers for a baggage inspection.
取走行李后，在出机场时仍需要进行扫描，也可能会有警犬嗅您的行李箱（…警犬非常可爱，但不要去逗它们）。一部分人经过扫描后可以马上离开，但也有一些人会被工作人员留下来检查行李。
If you are selected, an officer will open your suitcase and check everything inside of it. If you carry with you any restricted items such certain types of food (like fruit, vegetables, snacks made of meat or fish) they will throw them away on a garbage can, give you a verbal warning and scan your passport for future records.
如果工作人员要求对您的行李进行检查，他们会打开您的行李箱，并检查里面所有的东西。如果您携带了一些受限物品，如食物类（像水果、蔬菜、肉类或鱼类制作的零食），工作人员会把它们丢进垃圾桶，并进行口头警告，扫描您的护照并记录保存。
If you carry with you any prohibited items (such as batteries and aerosol products), the items will be confiscated and they may take you to a room for questioning (your passport will be scanned and registered for future record too). Depending on the type of item you carried with you, they may give you a fine, or even detain you; so be careful!
如果您带来一些禁止携带物品（如电池和喷雾类产品），工作人员会没收这些物品，并会把您带到询问室进行询问（他们会扫描您的护照并记录留存）。根据您所带的物品类别，给您开具罚单、或者扣留，所以一定要小心不要携带违禁品哦！
At last, after the inspection you are free to go! You’ve made it through every security check-point, and now you can take a taxi or ride the subway to get to your destination. Enjoy your time abroad!
最后，检查结束后您就可以自行离开了！您顺利通过了所有的安全检查环节，现在可以搭乘出租车或者地铁去往目的地了。祝您海外生活愉快！
